If-Clause

A subordinate clause which is introduced by the subordinator if, e.g. If you leave, I will too. Another term for if-clause is conditional clause.
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Imperative Sentence

A sentence type usually used to issue orders or directions. The verb is in its base form, e.g. Move over!
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Indefinite article

The indefinite article is a(n). A occurs before a consonant (a bag) and an before a vowel (an apple).
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Indefinite Pronoun

A type of PRONOUN. Forms include: something, anything and nothing.
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Independent Relative Clause

Another term for nominal relative clause.
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Indirect Object

The Indirect Object is usually the 'receiver' of an action described by a verb: John gave Mary flowers. Verbs that require Indirect Objects are called DITRANSITIVE VERBS.
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Infinitive

The infinitive form of a verb is the form which follows to, eg. to go, to be, to wish. However, infinitives can occur without to: Help me open the door. Infinitives without to are known as BARE INFINITIVES.
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Infinitive Clause

There are two types of infinitive clauses: to-infinitive clause and bare infinitive clause. Both contain a verb in the infinitive form, e.g.

I want to go (to-infinitive).
All I did was touch it (bare infinitive).

Inflection

An inflection is an ending which carries grammatical information such as TENSE or NUMBER and is added to the BASE FORM of a word, eg. -ed (walked), -s (walks).
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-Ing Participle

A form of VERB ending in -ing (ADJECTIVES can also have this form, under the cover term PARTICIPIAL ADJECTIVE). An -ing participle can be used to form the PROGRESSIVE ASPECT.
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-Ing Participle Clause

An -ing participal clause is a nonfinite subordinate clause in which the verb is in the -ing participle form: Running away is a bad idea.
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Inherent Adjective

A type of ADJECTIVE which expresses an attribute or quality of a NOUN, e.g. red car.
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Interjection

An interjection is an exclamation (MINOR WORD CLASS), e.g. Damn!, Oh!, Good heavens!
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Interrogative Adverb

An interrogative adverb is a type of adverb used in wh-questions such as, How did you do that? They are subsumed under the general term wh-word, like interrogative pronouns and the relative equivalents.
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Interrogative Pronoun

Who, which, whose, whom can be used in wh-quentions like, Who is Henry going to invite? Do not confuse interrogative pronouns with DETERMINERS of the same form, e.g. which book. They are subsumed under the general term wh-word, like interrogative adverbs and the relative equivalents.
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Interrogative Sentence

An interrogative sentence is a type of sentence which usually asks a question. For example, Will you go to the supermarket for me? There are four types, yes/no interrogatives, wh-interrogatives, alternative interrogatives and tag questions.
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Intransitive Verb

An intransitive verb is one which does not take any Complements, e.g. Jake cried, Sue slept.
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Inversion

One of the NICE PROPERTIES of AUXILIARY VERBS. Auxiliaries can be inverted in interrogatives, e.g. can you run fast?
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