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[1]. Balagopalan, L et al. (2010). “The LAT story: a tale of cooperativity, coordination, and choreography.” Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology 2(8): a005512.

[2]. Fuller, D.M. et al. (2011). “A tale of two TRAPs: LAT and LAB in the regulation of lymphocyte development, activation, and autoimmunity.”Immunologic research 49(1-3): 97-108.

[3]. Jerome,K.R. (2008). “Viral modulation of T-cell Receptor Signaling” J. Virol 82(9): 4194-4204.

[4]. Wonerow, P, and Watson, S.P. (2001). “The transmembrane adapter LAT plays a central role in immune receptor signalling.” Oncogene 20(44): 6273-6283.

[5]. Aguado, E, and Martinez-Florensa, M. (2005). “The role of the adapter LAT in T cell activation and maturation.” J Immunol 24(2): 224–234. .

[6]. Torgersen K.M. et al. (2001). “A soluble LAT deletion mutant inhibits T-cell activation: reduced recruitment of signalling molecules to glycolipid-enriched microdomains.” Cell Signal 13:213-220

[7]. Martínez-Florensa M et al (2011). “Serine residues in the LAT adaptor are essential for TCR-dependent signal transduction.” J Leukoc Biol. 89(1):63-73

[8]. Zhang, W et al. (2000). “Association of Grb2, Gads, and phospholipase C-gamma 1 with phosphorylated LAT tyrosine residues.” The Journal of biological chemistry 275(30): 23355-23361[9]. Brdicka, T. et al. (2002). “Non-T Cell Activation Linker (NTAL): A Transmembrane Adaptor Protein Involved in Immunoreceptor Signaling.” Journal of Experimental Medicine 196(12): 1617-1626.

[9]. Brdicka, T. et al. (2002). “Non-T Cell Activation Linker (NTAL): A Transmembrane Adaptor Protein Involved in Immunoreceptor Signaling.” Journal of Experimental Medicine 196(12): 1617-1626.

 

Structure

[1]. M, L.A. et al (2012). Principles of Biochemistry. 5th ed. New York: Pearson Education.

[2]. L, D.L. & C., M.m. (2011). Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry. 4th ed. New York: W.H. Freeman & Sumanas.

[3]. http://www.membranome.org/protein.php?pdbid=LAT_HUMAN

[4]. Garrette, L.H. & Grisham, C.M. (2008). Biochemistry. 4th ed. Belmont: Brooks Cole.

Binding sites

[1]. Lin, J. and Weiss, A. (2001). “Identification of the minimal tyrosine residues required for linker for activation of T cell function.” The Journal of biological chemistry 276(31): 29588-29595.

[2]. Songyang, Z. (1999). “Recognition and regulation of primary-sequence motifs by signaling modular domains.” Progress in biophysics and molecular biology 71(3-4): 359-372.

[3]. Sánchez, I.E. et al. (2008). “Genome-wide prediction of SH2 domain targets using structural information and the FoldX algorithm.” PLoS computational biology 4(4): e1000052.

[4]. Zhang, W et al. (2000). “Association of Grb2, Gads, and phospholipase C-gamma 1 with phosphorylated LAT tyrosine residues.” The Journal of biological chemistry 275(30): 23355-23361.

[5]. Balagopalan, L et al. (2010). “The LAT story: a tale of cooperativity, coordination, and choreography.” Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology 2(8): a005512.

[6]. Houtman, Jon C.D. et al. (2004). “Binding specificity of multiprotein signaling complexes is determined by both cooperative interactions and affinity preferences.” Biochemistry 43(14): 4170-8.

[7]. Cho, S. Structural basis for differential recognition of tyrosine-phosphorylated sites in the linker for activation of T cells (LAT) by the adaptor Gads. EMBO J. 23, 1441-51 (2004).

[8] Phillips-Mason PJ, Kaur H, Burden-Gulley SM, Craig SE, Brady-Kalnay SM (2011)."Identification of phospholipase C gamma1 as a protein tyrosine phosphatise substrate that regulates cell migration.". J Cell Biochem 112 (1): 39–48.

[9] Braiman A, Barda-Saad M, Sommers CL, Samelson LE. (2006) Recruitment and activation of PLCgamma1 in T cells: a new insight into old domains. Epub, 25(4):774-84

[10] Songyang, Z., S.Shoelson, M.Chaudhuri, G.Gish, T.Pawson, W. Haser, F. King, T. Roberts, S. Ratnofsky, R.Lechleider, et al 1993. SH2 domains recognize specific phosphopeptide sequences. Cell72:767.

[11] Orr S and McVicar D, (2011) LAB/NTAL/Lat2: a force to be reckoned with in all leukocytes? Journal of Leukocyte Biologyvol. 89 no. 1 11-19

[12] Janssen E, Zhu M, Craven B, and Zhang W. (2004) Linker for Activation of B Cells: A Functional Equivalent of a Mutant Linker for Activation of T Cells Deficient in Phospholipase C-γ1 Binding. The Journal of Immunology, 172: 6810-6819.

 

Multiple Sequence Alignment

[1]. Wange R.L, (2000). “LAT, the linker for activation of T cells: a bridge between T cell-specific and general signaling pathways”. Science's STKE : signal transduction knowledge environment, Vol.2000(63), p.re1.

[2]. Nioche P, (2002). “Crystal structures of the SH2 domain of grb2: highlight on the binding of a new high-affinity inhibitor”. Journal of Molecular Biology, Vol.315(5), p.1167-1177.

 

Diseases

[1] Miyajia. M, Kortuma R.L., Suranaa R., Lia W., Woolardb K.D., R. Simpsonb M., Samelsona L.E, and Sommersa C. L (2009) Genetic evidence for the role of Erk activation in a lymphoproliferative disease of mice; Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences; 106(34):14502

[2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lymphoproliferative_disorders

[3] Guo X.J., Ren L.P., Sun Y.P., Zhou M., Xu W.G (2010) Linker for activation of T cells contributes to airway inflammation in an asthmatic mouse model; Chin Med J (Engl); 123(19):2676-81.

[4] Lin J., Weiss A., Finco T.S. (1999) Localization of LAT in glycolipid-enriched microdomains is required for T cell activation; J Biol Chem; 274(41):28861-4

[5] Zhang W., Trible R.P., Samelson L.E. (1998) LAT palmitoylation: its essential role in membrane microdomain targeting and tyrosine phosphorylation during T cell activation; Immunity; 9:239-246

[6] Paz P.E., Wang S., Clarke H., Lu X., Stokoe D., Abo A. (2001) Mapping the Zap-70 phosphorylation sites on LAT (linker for activation of T cells) required for recruitment and activation of signalling proteins in T cells; Biochem. J. 356:461-471

[7] Zhang W., Trible R.P., Zhu M., Liu S.K., McGlade C.J., Samelson L.E. (2000) Association of Grb2, Gads, and phospholipase C-gamma 1 with phosphorylated LAT tyrosine residues. Effect of LAT tyrosine mutations on T cell angigen receptor-mediated signaling; J Biol Chem; 275(30):23355-61.

[8] S.Shen, M.Chuck, M.Zhu, D.Fuller, C.Yang, W.Zhang. (2010) The Importance of LAT in the Activation, Homeostasis, and Regulatory Function of T Cells. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 285, 35393-35405.

 

Selected artwork for the website (pre-homepage, banner and background images)

[1] http://www.hybridmedicalanimation.com/work/illustration/immune-cells/

[2] http://www.roche.com/pages/downloads/photosel/061106/original/p004.jpg

[3] http://morrisonworldnews.com/?p=55714

[4] http://www.hybridmedicalanimation.com/work/illustration/t-cell-receptors/